NUTR&101 Worksheet

Systems, Cardiovascular System and Digestive System Worksheet

1. What are the 7 levels of organization in the body?
2. What are the 4 elements that make up 96% of living tissues?
3. What are the 4 kinds of organic molecules that build living things?
4. What is the function of the following organelles: nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria?
5. Where in the body do you find epithelial tissue? What is the main function of epithelial tissues?
6. Where in the body do you find muscular tissue? What is the main function of muscle?
7. Given the example of the stomach, explain how it is an example of different types of tissues coming together to form an organ:
8. Draw a diagram of the heart (you can use the drawing toolbar in Word, draw on paper and scan it in, or copy and paste from the internet). If you copy and paste, provide the website citation. Then, explain how blood moves through the heart including the chambers, valves and vessels.
9. After blood leaves the heart it enters the vessels. There are three types of vessels in the body. Trace blood from when it leaves the heart until it returns to the heart. In order, what type of vessels does it flow through?
10. What happens to blood as it flows through capillaries?
11. Most digestive enzymes are produced in these two organs:
12. The coordinated squeezing and shortening of the muscles of the GI tract is called:
13. Which part of the digestive system normally houses the largest number of bacteria?
14. The main role of the stomach in digestion and absorption is to: absorb proteins and carbohydrates/digest fats/mix ingested foods to form chyme/produce enzymes that digest carbs and fats. (Circle one).
15. Villi are found mainly in the:
16. The cells that line the villi are called:
17. The function of bile is to:
18. Bile is stored in the _______________ and made in the ______________________.
19. What is absorbed in the large intestine?
20. What organ secretes HCl?
21. What organ secretes bicarbonate? Why?
22. What organ secretes bile?
23. Explain how an enzyme works.
24. Why can’t digestion happen without enzymes?
25. What organ secretes brush border enzymes? What is the function of these enzymes?
26. Consider the digestion and absorption of your evening meal. Write out the steps that occur with each of the macronutrients in your meal. What happens to each in the mouth, stomach, small and large intestine? What secretions occur in each for each macromolecule?
27. What two macromolecules and what vitamins are carried in the blood from the small intestine? What organ are these molecules headed to?
28. What macromolecule and what vitamins are carried from the small intestine in the lymph fluids? Where do they go first?
29. The power that delivers nutrients to every cell of the body is the:
30. Be able to trace blood through the heart, to the small intestine, to the liver, and out to the cells. What monomers/building blocks does this blood contain?

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